NsapatoNdiwo zigawo zotsutsa mu machitidwe a makina, ndikugwira ngati msana wakumbuyo womwe umathandizira zinthu zonse kutumiza potumiza utoto ndikukhala ndi mphindi zomangira. Mapangidwe a shaft sayenera kuyang'ana pa mawonekedwe ake komanso amalingalira kuti kuphatikiza kwake ndi kapangidwe kake ka shaft. Kutengera mtundu wa katundu wa katundu ndi magetsi, shafts imatha kugawidwa m'magulu, ma shariets amayendetsa, ndi kuzungulira sharings. Amathanso kukhala ophatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo a axis kukhala shafts mowongoka, ma shariji a eccentric, crankshafts, ndi shafts yosinthika.
Spindendles
1.FIXED SPindle
Mtundu uwu wa spindle umangokhala ndi zimbalangondo zokha zomwe zimangoyenda ndikusunthika. Katundu wake wosavuta ndi kuuma bwino kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ngati ma axoles.
2.Rotting Spindle
Mosiyana ndi zofufumitsa zokhazikika, zosenda zomata zimabweretsanso mphindi zoyenda. Amapezeka kawirikawiri mu ma axels.
Kuyendetsa shat
Kuyendetsa ma shariji kumapangidwa kuti atumize utoto ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha liwiro lalitali kwambiri. Pofuna kupewa kugwedezeka koopsa chifukwa cha magulu a centrifugal, unyinji wa shaft yoyendetsa imagawidwa mogwirizana. Kuyendetsa kwamakono nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe a Hollog, omwe amapereka liwiro lovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mabotolo olimba, kuwapangitsa kukhala otetezeka komanso otetezeka kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ma shariji oyendetsa magalimoto nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku mbale zowoneka bwino, pomwe magalimoto olemera nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo osawoneka.
Shaft yozungulira
Ma shares ozungulira amakhala apadera chifukwa amapirira zonse zowerama komanso zomangira, ndikuwapangitsa kukhala amodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri mu zida zamakina.
Shaft yowongoka
Basiri yowongoka ili ndi mzere mzere ndipo amatha kugawidwa m'magulu owoneka bwino. Zithunzi zowoneka bwino zimakhala zolimba, koma zitha kupangidwa kuti zisagwedezeke kuti muchepetse thupi ndikusunga kuuma komanso kukhazikika kwamphamvu.
1. shaft
Zosavuta mawonekedwe komanso zosavuta kupanga, shagati iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa.
2. Zosasinthika shaft
Shaft yokhala ndi gawo lalitali lotalika limatchedwa shaft. Kapangidwe kameneka kanathandizira kuyika kosavuta ndikuyika zigawo zikuluzikulu, zomwe zimayambitsa kugawa katundu woyenera kwambiri. Pamene mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mtengo wa mtengo wamphamvu ndi mphamvu yunifolomu, imakhala ndi zovuta zingapo zopsinjika. Chifukwa cha izi, zigawenga zolembedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.
3.Khantha
Camsaft ndi gawo lovuta mu injini za piston. M'mayiko anayi osweka, kamsaft nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pakati pa kayendedwe ka crankshaft, komabe amasuntha mwachangu kwambiri ndipo ayenera kupirira torque. Zotsatira zake, kapangidwe ka kamsaft kumatsimikizira zokambirana zamphamvu ndi mphamvu zake.
Camshafts nthawi zambiri imapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo choponyedwa, ngakhale ena amapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zopangidwa kuti zikhale zolimbikitsidwa. Mapangidwe a camshaft amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri m'magulu a injini za injini.
4.Pam shaft
Splines sharms amatchedwa mawonekedwe awo osiyana, mawonekedwe a custidinal key pamtunda wawo. Mafumu awa amalola kuzungulira zinthu zomwe zimakonzedwa pa shaft kuti zisunthe kuzungulira. Kuphatikiza pa kuthekera kazinthu iyi, shipts imathandiziranso kuyenda, ndi mapangidwe ena omwe amatulutsa njira zodalirika zokometsera zokongoletsera ndi makawongole.
Chosiyana china ndi shaft shaft, yomwe imakhala ndi machubu amkati ndi akunja. Thuti lakunja lili ndi mano amkati, pomwe chubu chamkati limakhala ndi mano kunja, kuwaloleza kukhala kopanda chidwi. Kapangidwe kameneka sikumangopatsira torquatal to torqual komanso kumapereka mwayi wowonjezera ndi mgwirizano, ndikupangitsa kukhala bwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito potumiza mitundu yosinthira.
5.Gear shaft
Pomwe mtunda wochokera ku Dedendum Cirsour ya zida zotsalira pansi pa kiyamway ndi wocheperako, magiya ndi shaft amaphatikizidwa mu gawo limodzi, lotchedwa shaft shaft. Chigawochi chimathandizira kuzungulira magawo ndikugwira ntchito molumikizana ndi iwo kufalikira.
6.wukira shaft
Shaft ya nyongolotsi imamangidwa ngati gawo limodzi lomwe limagwirizanitsa nyongolotsi ndi shaft.
7.Hollow shaft
Shaft yopangidwa ndi malo a Hollow imadziwika kuti ndi shaft yobowola. Mukatumiza chimbudzi, malo akunja a shaff shaff amakumana ndi nkhawa kwambiri, kulola kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu. Pansi pomwe nthawi yovuta kwambiri yolowera komanso ma sharts olimba ndi ofanana, onunkhira bwino amachepetsa thupi popanda kunyalanyaza magwiridwe antchito.
Crankshaft
Crankshaft ndi gawo lovuta ku injini, zopangidwa ndi chitsulo cha kaboni kapena chitsulo. Imakhala ndi magawo awiri akuluakulu: Buku lalikulu la Joder Journal. Buku lalikulu limayikidwa pa injini ya injini, pomwe mtolankhani wolumikizira rod amalumikiza kumapeto kwakukulu kwa ndodo yolumikizira. Mapeto ang'onoang'ono a ndodo yolumikizira amalumikizidwa ndi pisitoni mu silinda, ndikupanga makina apamwamba kwambiri.
Shaft ya eccentric
Shaft ya eccentric imafotokozedwa ngati shaft yokhala ndi axis yomwe siyigwirizana ndi pakati pake. Mosiyana ndi ma shariji wamba, omwe amathandizira kuzungulira kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu, mabotolo a eccentric amatha kufalitsa mapangidwe ndi kusintha. Chifukwa cha kusintha mtunda pakati pa sharts, mabotolo a eccentric nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumiyoyo yolumikizira, monga njira ya lamba.
Shaft yosinthika
Ma shafle osinthika amapangidwa makamaka kuti azitha kufalikira. Chifukwa cha kuwuma kwawo komwe kumazungulira poyerekeza ndi kuuma kwawo kwamphamvu, shagary yosinthika imatha kuyang'ana zopinga zosiyanasiyana
Ma shaloni awa amathandizira kusamutsa maboti pakati pa axes awiri omwe ali ndi kayendedwe kake popanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zowonjezera makonda apakati, ndikuwapangitsa kukhala abwino pakugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Mapangidwe awo osavuta komanso mtengo wotsika amathandizira kutchuka kwawo m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, ma shareji osinthika amathandizira kuyamwa ndi kugwedezeka, kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito.
Ntchito zofala zimaphatikizapo zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, njira zina zoperekera zida zamakina, odometters, ndi zida zakutali.
1.Pansiter-mtundu wosinthika
Ma sharm osinthika osinthika amatenga kulumikizana kokhazikika pamapeto olumikizirana pang'ono, okonzeka ndi malaya oyenda mkati mwa payipi. Izi shafts zimapangidwa kuti zisaunjidwe kwa torre. Chofunikira kwambiri kuti zisasule zosinthika zamphamvu ndizokwanira kuuma. Nthawi zambiri, shagati iyi imakhala ndi njira zotsutsana ndi kusinthasintha kutsimikizira kuti kufalikira kosagwirizana. Wosanjidwa wakunja wamangidwa ndi waya wokulirapo pang'ono, ndipo mapangidwe ena sakuphatikiza ndodo yopingasa, yolimbitsa thupi kutopa komanso kusinthasintha.
2.Control-mtundu wosinthika
Kuwongolera-kuwongolera kosasinthika kumapangidwira kufalikira. Torque imapereka imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti igonjetse torqual torqual pakati pa shaft yaya ndi payipi. Kuphatikiza pa kukhala ndi kuuma kotsika, nsapato izi zikuyeneranso kukhala ndi kuuma kokwanira. Poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe osinthika osinthika, mtundu wowongolera-wosinthika umadziwika ndi mawonekedwe awo, omwe akuphatikizanso kukhalapo kwa ndodo yopingasa, chigawo chochepa kwambiri cha zigawo.
Kapangidwe ka shaft yosinthika
Ma shareji osinthika nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zigawo zingapo: shaft yosinthika, yosinthika shaft, hose ndi payipi.
1.Wire shaft shaft
Shaft yosinthika yosinthika, yomwe imadziwikanso ngati shaft yosinthika, imapangidwa kuchokera ku zigawo zingapo za zigawo zachitsulo limodzi, ndikupanga gawo lozungulira. Chilonda chilichonse chimakhala ndi zingwe zingapo za waya nthawi yomweyo, ndikupatsa mawonekedwe ofanana ndi masika angapo. Mkati mwa waya wa waya umakhala ndi ndodo yopingasa, yokhala ndi zigawo zoyandikana ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana. Kapangidweka kamagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina olima.
2.Fexxble Shaft Joft
Kulumikizana kosasinthika komwe kumapangidwa kuti ulumikizane ndi mabotolo otulutsa ku zigawo zogwirira ntchito. Pali mitundu iwiri yolumikizira: yokhazikika ndikuyenda. Mtundu wokhazikika umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sharing sharms yopanda madzi kapena pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe radius yolowera imakhazikika nthawi zonse. Mosiyana ndi izi, mtundu wotsekera umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene radius yotsekera imasiyanasiyana pochita opareshoni, kulola kuyenda kwakukulu mkati mwa perse kuti ikhale ndi masinthidwe kutalika ngati hose.
3.Hose ndi payipi
Chinsinsi, chimatchedwanso gawo loteteza, limatiteteza shaft ya madzi osinthika kuti musamachedwe ndi zinthu zakunja, zimawonetsa chitetezo cha opaleshoni. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kusunga mafuta komanso kupewa dothi kuti lilowe. Mukamagwira ntchito, payipi imapereka chithandizo, kupangitsa kuti shaft yosinthika isagwire ntchito. Zoyenera kuti, hose sazizungulira ndi shaft yosinthika nthawi yotumiza, kulola kugwira ntchito kosalala komanso koyenera.
Kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ntchito za shafts ndikofunikira kwa akatswiri opanga ndi opanga kuti atsimikizire bwino magwiridwe antchito komanso kudalirika m'makina. Posankha mtundu woyenera wazomwe mungagwiritse ntchito, imodzi imatha kukulitsa bwino komanso kukhala nthawi yayitali. Kuti muzindikire zambiri m'makina ndi mapulogalamu awo, khalani osintha kwambiri!
Post Nthawi: Oct-15-2024
